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The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist (Caravaggio)
''The Beheading of Saint John the Baptist'' is an oil painting by the Italian artist Caravaggio. According to Andrea Pomella in ''Caravaggio: An Artist through Images'' (2005), the work is widely considered to be Caravaggio's masterpiece as well as "one of the most important works in Western painting."
==Composition==
The image depicts the execution of John the Baptist while nearby Salome stands with a golden platter to receive his head. Another woman, who has been identified as Herodias or simply a bystander who realizes that the execution is wrong, stands by in shock while a jailer issues instructions and the executioner draws his dagger to finish the beheading. The scene, popular with Italian artists in general and with Caravaggio himself, is not directly inspired by the Bible, but rather by the tale as related in ''Golden Legend''.
It is the only work by Caravaggio to bear the artist's signature, which he has placed in red blood spilling from the Baptist's cut throat. There is considerable empty space in the image, but because the canvas is quite large the figures are approximately life-sized.〔Hibbard (1985), 232.〕
According to John Varriano in ''Caravaggio: the Art of Realism'' (2006), Caravaggio drew the background for his picture from the depiction of a prison in the Knights of Malta's penal code. Characteristically of his later paintings, the number of props and the detail in the props used is minimal.〔Varriano (2006), 125.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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